mam Al Ghazaly in his book Minhajul Abidin, said that the science that fardlu ain demanded by a Muslim is to include 3 things, namely:
The Science of Tawheed
Sharia Sciences
Science of Sir (The science of the heart)
And it is not the sciences are all required for the purpose of arguing or giving confidence to others whether Muslim or not.
But the science fardlu ain to be prosecuted, which is associated with for the change of self.
The science of Tawheed and Shari'a, among Muslims today is so popular to be studied. But rarely do people who study and understand about the Science of Sir (Science of the heart).
Then maybe we will ask, whether to learn the Science of the heart, or what kind of knowledge about the heart page?
Rasulullah SAW once said:
"In man there is a clot of blood. Which when shalih (not broken), it will be completely salih, but if bad then it will be bad all of it, that's the heart ".
Even in another hadith, Rasulullah SAW said: "Truly a charity that depends on the intention".
Indeed, the things of Shari'ah worship that we carry out throughout the day will have no value, if not accompanied by good intentions ...
And the location of that intention is in HEART.
So great is the function of the heart, so it is only natural that Imam Al Ghazaly categorize this Science into a science fardlu ain to be prosecuted.
As for tasawwuf, the discussion of the heart is the main agenda. This is true for the alignment of the Knowledge of the Tawheed and the Shari'a, previously (by most people) has been studied.
In a word of wisdom (for some scholars it is said as a hadith from Rasulullah SAW) that: "Man 'Arofa Nafsahu faqod' Arofa Rabbahu". "Whoever knows himself (nafsahu) then he will know his Lord".
While Ali. R.A says that: "Awwaluddina Ma'rifatullah". "Initially religion is to know God".
So that can be seen the relationship, that Knowing self (An-Nafs) is the beginning of a religion with haq.
HEART
The human self can be seen sensuously by one's behavior and temperament. And a man behaves, a man behaves, a reflection of his HEART.
So to know ourselves, we must start by knowing our own Heart.
There are two types of hearts:
1. Heart of Jasmaniyah
This kind of heart shaped like a fruit shaunaubar. Animals have it, even people who have matipun have it.
2. Heart Ruhaniyyah
It is this kind of heart that feels, understands, and knows. Also called latifah heart (the smooth) or robbaniyyah heart.
In our study, which is addressed with the word HEART or Qalb is the heart of type 2, the heart of Ruhaniyyah.
Because this is the heart of the Faith:
"... God makes you love to faith and makes faith beautiful in your heart ..." (Surat 49: 7)
"... because that faith has not yet entered your heart, ...". (Surah 49:14)
"... Those are the ones whom Allah has imparted faith in their hearts ..." (S 58:22)
Even more so, in a hadith Qudsi is said:
"... will not be enough for Me the earth and my heaven but sufficient for Me is only the heart (qalb) My believing servant".
Note: What exactly is Faith (mukmin)?
So with a heart, one can feel the faith. With the heart of a servant can know his Rabb.
Before we go far about the heart, there are some things that will be related to the heart and we need to explain first.
Most people just understand that man is made up only body and spirit. They do not understand that human beings actually consist of three elements, namely: body, soul and spirit.
Many people do not understand this Soul. Even in his book Al Ihya Ulumuddin Bab Ajaibul Qulub, Imam Al Ghazaly said, "even the famous scholars of today (the days of Imam Al Ghazaly: red) many do not understand this". It was in the days of Imam Al Ghazaly. How many hundred years ago. What now?
Most people are ambiguous between the Soul and the Spirit. Whereas clearly in the Qur'an, Allah distinguishes the use of Ar-Ruh (Ruh) with An-Nafs (Soul).
JASAD - BODY
The body is a member of the human body. Such as: hands, feet, eyes, mouth, nose, ears, and others. Its form and existence can be perceived by humans. Hewanpun can menginderanya.
From this body, the emergence of tendencies and desires called SYAHWAT. As mentioned in the Qur'an:
"Beautifully made in human love of lust, namely: women, children, wealth of gold, silver, horse of choice, cattle animals and fields. That is the joy of living in the world, and in the sight of Allah is the place of good return ". (Surah Ali Imran: 14)
SOUL (AN-NAFS)
SOUL (AN-NAFS) An-Nafs in most translations into Indonesian, defined by Soul or self. In fact, the An-Nafs refers to two purposes, namely: the lust and essence of man himself (human self). 1. Lust Lust leads to human traits. That will be misleading and away from God. This is what Rasulullah SAW in the hadith narrated by Al Baihaqi from Ibn Abbas: "Your greatest enemy is your lust between your sides". "And I am not freeing myself (from error), for indeed it likes to tell the bad". (Surah Yusuf: 53) "... and do not follow the passions, for he will lead you astray from the way of Allah ...". (QS Shaad: 26) 2. Human Self This human self when calm, away from the shaking caused by the influence of lust and lust, called Nafsu Muthmainnah. "A calm soul (lust of muthmainnah), return to your Lord, be pleased (to God) and (God) feel good for him". (Surah Al Fajr: 27-28) Yet the imperfect human self of tranquility, which denounces the loneliness of worshiping God, is called Lust Lawwamah. "And I swear by a soul that is very critical of evil (Lust Lawwamah)". (QS Al Qiyamah: 2) RUH (Ar Ruh) The words of the Spirit, have two directions. As a life and as a subtle of human beings. 1. Life The giver of life for the body. Like a light that illuminates the room. The spirit is the lamp, the room is the body. Where the lights are exposed will be visible. Where the affected soul will live. 2. The Fine of Humans Something that feels, understands and knows. It is associated with a delicate heart or ruhaniyah heart. In the Qur'an, Allah SWT uses the word Ruh with the words Ruhul Amin, Ruhul Awwal, and Ruhul Qudus. The purpose of the word refers to the different information that is: 1. Ruhul Amin What is meant by this is the angel Gabriel. "And verily this Qur'an is truly revealed by the Lord of the worlds, he is brought down by Ar-Ruhul Amin". (QS Asy-Syu'araa ': 192-193) 2. Ruhul Awwal What this means is the life or soul of man. 3. Ruhul Qudus What this means is not the angel Gabriel, but the spirit that comes from God, who strengthens, becomes a guide and good news for those who believe. Say: "Ruhul Qudus lowers the Qur'an from your Lord correctly, in order to strengthen the hearts of those who have believed, and be a guide and happy news for those who submit to Allah". (Surah An Nahl: 102) "... and We have given proofs of truth to Jesus son of Mary and We strengthen him with Ruhul Qudus ...". (Surah Al Baqarah: 87) "... Those are the people whom God has planted faith in their hearts and strengthened them with the spirit that came from Him ...". (QS Al Mujadillah: 22) Once we know the definitions or explanations about the body, soul, and spirit we may ask, then what are the benefits? ARMY HEART The heart is for a man, like a king with soldiers in the army of zahir and inner armies. When a person is in danger, the person to refuse or fight the dangers requires two soldiers. Inner army: that is angry to resist the threat of danger, the army of Zahir: namely the hands and feet to issue resistance measures. Similarly when a person will eat. He needs two soldiers. Inner Army: Syahwat to eat, soldiers Zahir: hands and feet to take food. A man is hungry anyway, if his heart lays down the lust (the desire of the body) to eat and does not command the hands and feet to take food, then he will not do the work of eating. For that is said HEART is the King, for the whole body and the human self. So the important role of the King to direct where the body and self walk, is very decisive.
SOUL (AN-NAFS) An-Nafs in most translations into Indonesian, defined by Soul or self. In fact, the An-Nafs refers to two purposes, namely: the lust and essence of man himself (human self). 1. Lust Lust leads to human traits. That will be misleading and away from God. This is what Rasulullah SAW in the hadith narrated by Al Baihaqi from Ibn Abbas: "Your greatest enemy is your lust between your sides". "And I am not freeing myself (from error), for indeed it likes to tell the bad". (Surah Yusuf: 53) "... and do not follow the passions, for he will lead you astray from the way of Allah ...". (QS Shaad: 26) 2. Human Self This human self when calm, away from the shaking caused by the influence of lust and lust, called Nafsu Muthmainnah. "A calm soul (lust of muthmainnah), return to your Lord, be pleased (to God) and (God) feel good for him". (Surah Al Fajr: 27-28) Yet the imperfect human self of tranquility, which denounces the loneliness of worshiping God, is called Lust Lawwamah. "And I swear by a soul that is very critical of evil (Lust Lawwamah)". (QS Al Qiyamah: 2) RUH (Ar Ruh) The words of the Spirit, have two directions. As a life and as a subtle of human beings. 1. Life The giver of life for the body. Like a light that illuminates the room. The spirit is the lamp, the room is the body. Where the lights are exposed will be visible. Where the affected soul will live. 2. The Fine of Humans Something that feels, understands and knows. It is associated with a delicate heart or ruhaniyah heart. In the Qur'an, Allah SWT uses the word Ruh with the words Ruhul Amin, Ruhul Awwal, and Ruhul Qudus. The purpose of the word refers to the different information that is: 1. Ruhul Amin What is meant by this is the angel Gabriel. "And verily this Qur'an is truly revealed by the Lord of the worlds, he is brought down by Ar-Ruhul Amin". (QS Asy-Syu'araa ': 192-193) 2. Ruhul Awwal What this means is the life or soul of man. 3. Ruhul Qudus What this means is not the angel Gabriel, but the spirit that comes from God, who strengthens, becomes a guide and good news for those who believe. Say: "Ruhul Qudus lowers the Qur'an from your Lord correctly, in order to strengthen the hearts of those who have believed, and be a guide and happy news for those who submit to Allah". (Surah An Nahl: 102) "... and We have given proofs of truth to Jesus son of Mary and We strengthen him with Ruhul Qudus ...". (Surah Al Baqarah: 87) "... Those are the people whom God has planted faith in their hearts and strengthened them with the spirit that came from Him ...". (QS Al Mujadillah: 22) Once we know the definitions or explanations about the body, soul, and spirit we may ask, then what are the benefits? ARMY HEART The heart is for a man, like a king with soldiers in the army of zahir and inner armies. When a person is in danger, the person to refuse or fight the dangers requires two soldiers. Inner army: that is angry to resist the threat of danger, the army of Zahir: namely the hands and feet to issue resistance measures. Similarly when a person will eat. He needs two soldiers. Inner Army: Syahwat to eat, soldiers Zahir: hands and feet to take food. A man is hungry anyway, if his heart lays down the lust (the desire of the body) to eat and does not command the hands and feet to take food, then he will not do the work of eating. For that is said HEART is the King, for the whole body and the human self. So the important role of the King to direct where the body and self walk, is very decisive.
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